The Functions of Geography Throughout the Time Periods of...

Geography is the one discipline that throughout history has served many functions. Function like where to get resources, take a trip., find new places and function its served during different eras throughout history Furthermore three of geography most important function thought out history is the purposes it served during the eras of Roman, Greek, Chinese, Islamic and early modern Europe. The important purposes of geography through these ages and the benefit geography got from European Imperialism. During the era of the Greek the purpose geography served was to understand the three disciplines of geography that helped the Greek to understand the world and how the term geography came about. As described in the book the place†¦show more content†¦As told in the book, the place of geography as Strabo work has helped us in Bunbury words (1879:II.209) word (as cited in Unwin, p.51) as â€Å"for the first time to obtain a complete and satisfactory of the state of geography scien ce†. Subsequently Strabo works on formal geography was he wrote an encyclopedia of seventeen books. This relates to certain sub fields of geography from geography science to political science to topography geography and so on. furthermore in complete contrast to Strabo all round version of geography, Ptolemy geography are described in his opening chapter as â€Å" an imitativedelineation of that part of that part of the earth comprehended within our knowledge as a whole ,with its part roughly (lit generally apprehended’( Rylands 1893: 18) as cited in Unwin (p.53). Ptolemy book was different from Strabo as it was an atlas as he describe the globe on a level surface and divided continent into smaller localities and used longitude and latitude to tell where places are. This purpose was important as the Romans allowed us to see the history of geography from a bygone era as they kept the only written records influenced by Greek works(which no longer exist) and have survived to the present day. TheShow MoreRelatedFemale Mathematicians Essay1686 Words   |  7 Pages Throughout history, women have been looked down upon and seen as insubordinate and incapable. Women were never viewed as equal to men until about the 1950s. History will also tell us that men dominated the mathematical scene and have made the biggest contributions in that field, yet this does not seem to be the case. Women have had just as big an impact on math as men have, if not a bigger contribution.They still continue to rock the mathematical world today. Various women such as Hypatia fromRead MoreThe Opportunity For Travel Anytime Of The Year1052 Words   |  5 Pageseducational tool, which could be even more rewarding than a formal educational setting. A text should be used as a reference only when learning your state history. Traveling and stopping at famous landmarks is the most efficient and worthwhile way to learn about your state. 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Sparta 3 Essay Research Paper SpartaSparta one free essay sample

Sparta 3 Essay, Research Paper Sparta Sparta, one of the powerful city states, retains this name for good grounds. The Spartans faced the jobs of overpopulation and land hungriness. Their solution was to conquest to derive more land. Almost defeated, the Messenian war cost Sparta a high monetary value. A half-century of war, so difficult fought, had ground the military life deep into Spartan consciousness. It seemed to them they neer dare relax, particularly when there were so few Spartans and so many serfs. Surely if the Spartans of all time relaxed, even somewhat, the serfs would lift at one time. To supply for their economic needs the Spartans divided the land of Messenia among all citizens. Helots worked the land, raised harvests, provided the Spartans their life, and on occasion served in the ground forces. The Spartans kept the serfs in line by agencies of systematic terrorist act, trusting to crush them down and maintain so quiet. This is how the state of affairs stood for Sparta at the terminal of the Messenian Revolt. Controling the district of a population that outnumbered their population ten to one, it was merely a affair of clip before the Messenian population would over-run their vanquishers. So the Spartans invented a new political system as dramatically radical as Athenian democracy in the North ; they turned their province into a military province. Contending was non a trade for doormats as the Spartans practiced it. For that ground, the Spartans dedicated their lives to warfare. Spartan childs were inspected at birth to see if they were physically sound. If they were non, they were abandoned in the hills and left to decease. At the age of seven, they were taken from their female parents and were brought up in barracks. They were taught to digest cold, hungriness and hurting without ailment. At 20, after 13 old ages of preparation, the Spartan became a soldier. The Spartan soldier spent his life with his fellow soldiers. The soldier was allowed to be married, but did non populate with his married woman. They lived in the barracks until age 30. Military service ended at the age of 60. The life of a Spartan male was a life of subject, self-denial, and simpleness. The Spartans viewed themselves as the true heirs of the Grecian tradition. They did non environ themselves with luxuries, expensive nutrients, or chances for leisure. While the Athenians and many others thought the Spartans were insane, the life of the Spartans seemed to return to a more basic manner of life. Civilization was frequently seen as conveying upset, failing, and diminution in moral values. This soldier-centered province was the most broad province in respects to the position of adult females. While adult females did non travel through military preparation, they were required to be educated along similar lines. The Spartans were the lone Greeks non merely to take earnestly the instruction of adult females, they instituted it as province policy. This was non, nevertheless, an academic instruction, it was physical instruction, which would be grueling. Infant misss were besides exposed to decease if they were judged to be weak ; they were subsequently capable to physical and gymnastic exercises developing. This instruction besides involved learning adult females that their lives should be dedicated to the province. In the most Grecian provinces, adult females were required to remain indoors at all times. Spartan adult females, nevertheless, were free to travel approximately, and had an unusual sum of domestic freedom for their hubbies, after all, didn T live at place. Spartan authorities consisted of three parts: The male monarchs, the senate or council and the assembly. The two male monarchs had the right of commanding, the ground forces in war. The senate of council consisted of the two male monarchs, and 28 other work forces elected for life. The responsibilities of the senate were to fix all the Torahs and affairs of public involvement, which were to be brought before the general assembly and it acted as a tribunal of justness for condemnable instances. Every Spartan citizen over 30 old ages old was a member of the assembly. It was their occupation to give or deny blessing of all affairs brought before them by the senate. Above all three parts, nevertheless was a group of five work forces known as the Ephorate. For all practical intents, Spartan authorities was the Ephorate, for these five work forces lead the council, ran the military, ran the educational system, ran the baby choice system, and had veto power over everything coming out of the council or the assembly. Spartan society was divided into three chief categories. At the top was the Spartiate or native Spartan. The Spartiate served in the ground forces and were the lone people who enjoyed the full political and legal rights of the province. Following were the perioeci, or the inhabitants around or about. These people served as a sort of buffer population between the Spartans and serfs. Because of this critical map, they were given a great trade of freedom. Most of the trade and commercialism carried out in Sparta was performed by the perioeci. At the underside, of class, were the serfs. The Spartans enjoyed an outstanding repute for personal morality, frugalness, boldness, and bravery. They produced no historiographers ; they were neurotically close ; they were so scared of rebellion that they allowed young persons or magistrates to kill serfs randomly. But what foreigners admired was their professionalism, direct address, and nonpareil subject. 318

Vietnamese And Pakistani Culture Essays - Divorce, Types Of Marriage

Vietnamese And Pakistani Culture Vietnamese Vs. Pakistani What is culture? Culture is set of learned behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, values, and ideas that are characteristic of a particular society or population. In this paper, I will compare and contrast Pakistani and Vietnamese culture. Furthermore, I will discuss what I have learned from this exercise. In Vietnam traditional role of the woman in society has been that of nurturer: to stay within the confines of the home for the purpose of caring for the family. In Pakistan and Vietnam women are raised and taught how to become good daughters, wives, and mothers. They are told that they must obey their husbands, respect their parents and their parents-in-law, and work hard to support the family. In Vietnam parents does not prefer their daughters to go to school or work in a position that is normally occupied by a man. Most of the women do not work. They stay home and look after their family. In Pakistan most of waves and daughters stay out of sight of other men because of the religion strictness. Pakistani women stay in the house, behind the veil, in special sections of buses, and in the family area of the restaurants. For Pakistani Muslims this is the way to show respect and devotion towards women. Pakistani does believe in education for their daughters and sons. However, sons get th e first priority and higher education. Also girls must go to separate school from boys until she will reach University, which is 4 year in college. In other words, until she is engaged and mature enough not to fall in love with someone her parents restrict. In Vietnamese and in Pakistani culture, their older siblings arrange marriages. Marriage is more like compromise, which is made between two families. But as the time has changed girls are not forced to marry however when girl is the one to choose she will pick her companion base on love and family agreement. When parents choose a guy for their daughter it's usually the best offer which means that guy is educated, have stable future, and wealthy. But when girl is being picked parents want to have healthy, hard working daughter-in-law, who would take care of their family's welfare. A likely scenario under these circumstances is a marriage between a 17 years old girl and a 7-year-old boy. When that husband reaches adulthood, he would realize that his wife might be too old for him; and he would be entitled to take a younger girl as his second wife. Polygamy was accepted in Vietnam but remarriage for the wife is not allowed since, faithfulness to her first husband is required. Thus the first wife, being restricted by the old custom, must remain a lonely slave with her husband's family until her death. In Pakistani culture woman has no saying in any aspect of her life, including her own marriage, and when betrothed, belongs excessively to her husband's family. When guy's parents look for a mate for their son not that she has to be beautiful and well-mannered girl but also who will bring great amount of dowry. To all extents and purposes she is an alienable property, and once the bride price has been paid, she cannot be returned, whether in a state of divorce, separation or widowed. In both cultures girls must obey her in laws in order to gain respect in h er husband's house. In Vietnam and in Pakistan family is very important. They have joint family system. After the marriage daughters move out of the house however sons stay with their parents atlongest they can. Family size in Vietnam is fairly large. Back in the days 12-16 was normal family size. However, as poverty and population has increased so the family size has decreased to 3-4. On other hand side, in Pakistan typical family size is about 3-5. In Pakistan and in Vietnam parents prefer to have sons than daughters. In both cultures Parents expect their children to be perfect and obedience. Therefore, strict physical punishment is used for discipline. Parents are usually very hard and strict on girls however they are flexible when it comes to boys. Parents are more protective about daughters and they expect girls

Brigadier General Adolph von Steinwehin the Civil War

Brigadier General Adolph von Steinwehin the Civil War Adolph von Steinwehr - Early Life: Born at Blankenburg, Brunswick (Germany) on September 25, 1822, Adolph von Steinwehr was a member of a long-standing military family.   Following in these footsteps, which included a grandfather who had fought in the Napoleonic Wars, Steinwehr entered the Brunswick Military Academy.   Graduating in 1841, he received a commission as a lieutenant in the Brunswick Army.   Serving for six years, Steinwehr grew dissatisfied and elected to move to the United States in 1847.   Arriving at Mobile, AL, he found employment as an engineer with the US Coastal Survey.   As the the Mexican-American War was underway, Steinwehr sought a position with a combat unit but was declined.   Disappointed, decided to return to Brunswick two years later with his American-born wife, Florence Mary. Adolph von Steinwehr - The Civil War Begins: Again finding life in Germany not to his liking, Steinwehr permanently immigrated to the United States in 1854.   Initially settling in Wallingford, CT, he later moved to a farm in New York.   Active in the German-America community, Steinwehr proved well-placed to raise a largely German regiment when the Civil War began in April 1861.   Organizing the 29th New York Volunteer Infantry, he was commissioned as the regiments colonel in June.   Reporting to Washington, DC that summer, Steinwehrs regiment was assigned to Colonel Dixon S. Miles division in Brigadier General Irvin McDowells Army of Northeastern Virginia.   In this assignment, his men took part in the Union defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run on July 21.   Held in reserve during much of the fighting, the regiment later helped cover the Union retreat.    Noted as a competent officer, Steinwehr received a promotion to brigadier general on October 12 and orders to assumed command of a brigade in Brigadier General Louis Blenkers division in the Army of the Potomac.   This assignment proved short-lived as the Blenkers division was soon transferred to western Virginia for service in Major General John C.  Frà ©monts Mountain Department.   In the spring of 1862, Steinwehrs men took part in operations against Major General Thomas Stonewall Jacksons forces in the Shenandoah Valley.   This saw them defeated at Cross Keys on June 8.   Later in the month, Steinwehrs men were moved east to help form Major General Franz Sigels I Corps of Major General John Popes Army of Virginia.   In this new formation, he was elevated to lead the Second Division.   Ã‚      Adolph von Steinwehr - Divisional Command: In late August, Steinwehrs division was present at the Second Battle of Manassas though was not heavily engaged.   Following the Union defeat, Sigels corps was ordered to remain outside of Washington, DC while the bulk of the Army of the Potomac moved north in pursuit of General Robert E. Lees Army of Northern Virginia.   As a result, it missed the Battle of South Mountain and Antietam.   During this time, Sigels force was re-designated XI Corps.   Later that fall, Steinwehrs division moved south to join the army outside Fredericksburg, but played no role in the battle.   The following February, following Major General Joseph Hookers ascent to lead the army, Sigel left XI Corps and was replaced by Major General Oliver O. Howard. Returning to combat in May, Steinwehrs division and the rest of XI Corps were badly routed by Jackson during the Battle of Chancellorsville.   Despite this, Steinwehrs personal performance was commended by his fellow Union officers.   As Lee moved north invade Pennsylvania in June, XI Corps followed in pursuit.   Arriving at the Battle of Gettysburg on July 1, Howard directed Steinwehrs division to remain in reserve on Cemetery Hill while he deployed the rest of the corps north of town in support of the late  Major General John F. Reynolds I Corps.   Later in the day, XI Corps collapsed under Confederate assaults leading the entire Union line to fall back on Steinwehrs position.   The next day, Steinwehrs men aided in repelling enemy attacks against East Cemetery Hill.    Adolph von Steinwehr- In the West: Late that September, the bulk of XI Corps along with elements of XII Corps, received orders to shift west to Tennessee.   Led by Hooker, this combined force moved to relieve the besieged Army of the Cumberland at Chattanooga.   On October 28-29, Steinwehrs men fought well in the Union victory at the Battle of Wauhatchie.   The following month, one of his brigades, led by Colonel Adolphus Buschbeck, supported Major General William T. Sherman during the Battle of Chattanooga.   Retaining leadership of his division through the winter, Steinwehr was dismayed when XI Corps and XII Corps were combined in April 1864.   As part of this reorganization, he lost his command as the two formations were consolidated.   Offered command of a brigade, Steinwehr refused to accept a tacit demotion and instead spent the rest of the war in staff and garrison posts. Adolph von Steinwehr - Later Life: Leaving the US Army on July 3, 1865, Steinwehr worked as a geographer before accepting a teaching post at Yale University.   A gifted cartographer, he produced a variety of maps and atlases over the next several years as well as authored numerous books.   Moving between Washington and Cincinnati later in his life, Steinwehr died at Buffalo on February 25, 1877.   His remains were interred at Albany Rural Cemetery in Menands, NY.               Selected Sources Find a Grave: Adolph von SteinwehrOfficial Records: Adolph von Steinwehr

Concert Attendance Report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Concert Attendance Report - Assignment Example There were also some brass, trumpets and horns. Additionally, there was a solo violist who had high level professional performing abilities. Such full symphonic orchestra included the four music families which were the strings, Brass, woodwinds, and percussion instruments. The performance setting was in an auditorium and the conductor including other performers were dressed in formal outfit, considered mostly to be black and white suites and dresses. Style of the music music performed was led gracefully with dulcet andantes and fierce prestos. A violin with a very light and brilliant quality of sound was used, the sound created images of the ethereal realm within audience minds. The violinist had a very bright and lighthearted personality, the very characteristic of a violin which revealed their interest. Instrumentation of the Ochestra The musicians were divided into four main sections which included; string section, the woodwind section, the brass section, and the percussion sectio n. Each section had their own instruments, in the string section, woodwind, brass section were pitched in different ranges such as voices in a choir. Various instruments in each section were arranged in order from those with highest range to lowest. Some percussion instruments were also tuned to definite pitches, but most of them had indefinite pitch. Sitting Arrangement Usually first meeting with strangers does not always involve openness to each other, which is a different case to those we are familiar with. Occasions of openness to one another is often preceded by getting deeper information concerning the other party, which can be through social settings. Such encounter reveals both acceptable and unacceptable information about oneself which determines kind of relationship developed. Research done on musical instruments and ways of improving the existing policies in concerts discovered that the national policy recognizes the current settings infrastructure as poor and in need of improvement. The last five years have been characterized by rapid advancements in ICT and this call for research to assess the extent to which modern instruments are now used. The study also assessed the relationship between flexible work practices and organizational performances in a survey of sitting arrangement. The findings call for reinforcement on the relationship between various dimensions of flexible work practices and organizational performance. The recommendations which can be utilized here indicate a knowledge gap on the extent to which the modern technology is used. This lays a basis for such a study since none of the major studies carried out reveals much on the use of internet advertising through smart phones in third world countries. This study therefore seeks to fill the knowledge gap and look at the in-depth analysis of the role the phone industry plays through the internet in advertising and how effective it is especially in the rapidly growing telecommunications i ndustry that is experiencing tension in pricing mechanisms and the recent number portability wars among the players. There are several contributors involved in the practice of Corporate Social Responsibility within business environment. Business corporations play major roles within the society and these calls for new leadership roles and tactics which

Insuring Green Buildings Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Insuring Green Buildings - Research Paper Example In most occasions, it is easy for the insurance companies to accept, underwrite and process the loss handling for the homeowner by automating or simplifying the damage. The focus here is usually to get the sum insured and process the policies effectively (Yudelson, 2006). Most the time those selling the homeowner policies, they insurer do not necessarily look at the different building material for construction in the building, the construction classes or the ecological standard of the building. This is because, in case of a loss or damage, there may occur a dispute between the insured and the insurer regarding the extent in which the damage must be indemnified (Glavinich, 2008). If there is a need for more specification concerning the building construction, the insurance company sends their agents to ask more specifications of the construction process. Although the insurance companies have their agents who researches on the construction process, the agents are advised not verify certain details which may lead the insured to decline the policy and sign the policy with other competitors that ask few questions. Up to now, no study has provided statistical evidence supporting the stance that â€Å"green buildings† have a higher probability and severity of losses. Perhaps the effort to analyze green buildings in detail is not yet justified, given the actual number of owners of green buildings; however, the green buildings are more risky and carry higher claim expectancy (Glavinich, 2008). Residential building insurance mainly provides insurance cover for losses arising from fire, supply water and storm/hail events. Loss experiences, and consequently exposure evaluation and rating of homeowner risks are based on conventionally built houses, concrete, brick, steel and wood (Spiegel & Meadows, 2012). For example, in houses with thatched reed roofs, the probability of a

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System Case Study

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System Case Study   Discussion Questions What inspired Skullcraft to pursue ERP even though the company had just 26 employees? Solution An Enterprise Resource Planning system is an integrated system which helps the organization to manage its resources; inventory, procurement, supply chain, finance, human resource etc. are few of the many resources an ERP helps to manage. Although, the company had just 26 employees, an ERP system will enhance the managing of resources which is not limited to just human resources. The following facts will justify the implementation of the ERP system: The company was rivalling Sony in the U.S. headphones market with sales of up to $37 million. The company had around 200 to 300 percent annual growth rate. The business had to handle large amounts of transactions. The finance department was using Excel spreadsheets and Quickbooks to manage the books. Wide distribution of products. No product tracking through supply chain till ERP was implemented. In a nutshell, Skullcraft was a small business with transactions comparable to a big enterprise. Thus managing resources was getting more and more complicated as the company grew in sales and investing in an ERP system will help the company manage its resources in a more efficient way. Moreover, as the ERP system was fully hosted, the company did not need to manage a separate ERP infrastructure which was a bonus for them. What features caused Skullcraft to choose SAPs ByDesign? Solution SAPs ByDesign was a unique system which fulfilled Skullcrafts each and every requirement. After evaluating many systems, Beth Siron chose ByDesign for the following reasons: SAPs ByDesign was a fully system hosted system meaning that it did not required additional information system infrastructure to be implemented by Skullcraft. The organization would use the ERP system over the internet which made it easy for each and every department to use it from anywhere. It enabled big business practices for managing financials, inventory, customer relations, supply chain etc. in a format accessible to small businesses. This was perfect a was the small enterprise with annual growth rate of 200 to 300 percent. It helped Skullcraft to track the products through the supply chain. The ERP system was enabled the company to forecast future demand. Thus, the software did everything a big companys Information System would do but without the additional infrastructure and a team to manage it. These features where perfect for Skullcraft which was a small firm with transactions equal to a large firm. Critical Thinking Questions How do you think Skullcraft was able to maintain a small staff while increasing production 200 to 300 percent annually? Solution Rick Alden saw a unique business opportunity in selling high-end radically designed headphones to Skiers and Skateboaders. The company was also the first one to enable users to switch between music listening and cell phone conversations over headphones. The reason behind the tremendous growth was the target market and distribution channel. The company first targeted specialty ski and skate shops and then later large retail chains. Specialty retail shops attracted large amounts of extreme sports fanatics which put Skullcraft on the map in the headphones industry. Even with just 26 employees, the company was effectively able to manage its operations specially production and distribution. It is not unusually for a company to have a tremendous growth rate with such a small workforce. If operations are effectively managed, growth can be increased without comparable investment in additional resources. The company may have had the production outsourced which makes sense as a small workforce cannot produce and maintain such large product demand. Moreover, the company could have arranged the goods to the picked up at the manufacturers workshop and dropped at the specialty retail stores. Thus by effectively managing the flow of goods, the company must have been able to increase its production up to 200 to 300 percent with just 26 employees. Do you think Skullcraft is unusual in its size and needs? What other businesses can you think of that fit the Skullcraft model? Solution No, Skullcraft is not unusual in its needs and size. It I common for a company to have a tremendous growth rate even with a small size. Many small business offer services to a large number of customers. Skullcrafts Rick Alden realized an exceptional business opportunity which became a huge success and helped the company experience a growth rate of 200 to 300 percent annually. Also, the company was able to effectively manage and integrate operations resulting in huge sales while maintaining a small human capital. Other businesses that fit the Skullcraft model are: IT firms like GoDaddy which provide domain services to small and large enterprises enterprises can serve a large number of customer with its small size. The advancement in internet services enables such firms to stay small and serve large. Thus, investing in an ERP system will enable GoDaddy to manage operations more effectively. Freight Forwarding firms consolidate good from various customers into one big container. This helps cut down the costs of shipping small amounts of goods. They use the infrastructure of big firms and manage operations right at their desks. Also, and ERP system will help freight forwarders to track the goods through the supply chain and mange customer relations. A small logistics firms manages the operations and uses resources of other organizations to transport the goods. Their small size demands huge amounts of resources. And ERP in a logistics firm with help the employees track the goods, manage the finance, maintain customer relations etc. Medical firms, architecture firms, designing and developing firms and many other IT sector firms are small in size but their needs are huge. Thus, Skullcrafts size and needs are not unusual as it is very common for a firm to remain small but serve a large number of customers which will inevitably increase their needs. Group Members Dhruvit Shah Praveenchand Nair Abhay Khurana Brahamdeep Singh